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Making Sense of Debt and How to Start Reducing It

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By: Rich Verrillo
Navicore Solutions

April 27, 2026

Debt is a part of everyday life for many Americans, but in recent years, it has grown to levels that are hard to ignore. According to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York1, total household debt reached $18.8 trillion in Q4 2025, with increases across mortgages, credit cards, auto loans, and student loans. While those numbers reflect broad economic trends, they also show up in a more personal way. Many individuals and families are managing multiple balances at once, often across different types of credit.

For some, debt feels manageable. For others, it creates ongoing stress, especially when balances do not seem to move despite consistent payments. One of the most common challenges is not knowing where to focus or what will actually make a difference.

Affinity partners with Navicore Solutions2, a nonprofit credit counseling organization, to help members better understand their debt and work through these decisions. Their counselors regularly speak with people who are doing the right things on paper but still feel stuck.

Why many people feel stuck even when they are making payments

A common situation is carrying several balances at once, each with its own minimum payment. When you spread your payments across multiple accounts, it can feel like you are making progress, but in reality, most of the money is going toward interest.

This is especially true with credit cards. If you are only making minimum payments, it can take years to meaningfully reduce the balance. That is often the point where frustration sets in, because the effort does not seem to match the results.

One way to address this is to be more intentional about where extra dollars go. Rather than spreading additional payments across multiple balances, focusing on one balance at a time can create clearer progress. Once that balance is paid down, the amount you were putting toward it can be redirected to the next.

Understanding which debt is costing you the most

Not all debt has the same impact. Credit cards typically carry higher interest rates than other forms of borrowing, which means they tend to grow faster and cost more over time. Auto loans, student loans, and mortgages often have lower rates, but they still contribute to your overall monthly obligations.

Taking the time to identify which balances are costing you the most can help you decide where to focus first. This is not always obvious without looking closely at interest rates and how payments are applied.

In many cases, people continue making equal payments across all accounts simply because it feels fair or consistent. A more targeted approach can reduce the total amount paid over time and shorten the path to becoming debt-free.

When credit starts working against you

Credit can be a useful tool, but it can also create challenges when it becomes part of how everyday expenses are managed. Using credit to cover gaps in a budget, even occasionally, can make it harder to reduce balances because new charges offset payments.

This is often where progress slows down. Even when someone is committed to paying down debt, continued reliance on credit can keep balances from declining.

Creating even a small buffer in your budget, whether through reduced spending or adjusted payment strategies, can help break that cycle. It does not require a complete overhaul, but it does require awareness of where credit is being used and why.

Knowing when to get a second perspective

Debt can feel manageable on paper but overwhelming in practice. When multiple balances, interest rates, and payment schedules are involved, it is not always clear what the best next step is.

That is where guidance can be helpful. Through Affinity’s partnership with Navicore Solutions3, members have access to free, confidential credit counseling. A certified counselor can help you review your full financial picture, explain your options, and work with you to build a plan that reflects your income, expenses, and priorities.

These conversations are often less about quick fixes and more about creating a path forward that feels realistic and sustainable.

Making progress with debt rarely comes from one big change. It usually comes from a clearer understanding of how your debt works and a more focused approach to paying it down. Over time, those decisions can reduce financial stress and strengthen your overall financial wellbeing.

This information is for informational purposes only, is intended to provide general guidance, and does not constitute legal, tax, or financial advice. Each person's circumstances differ and may not apply to the specific information provided. You should seek the advice of a financial professional, tax consultant, and legal counsel to discuss your particular needs before making any financial or other commitments regarding the matters related to your condition.

1Retrieved from: https://www.newyorkfed.org/microeconomics/hhdc

2Retrieved from: https://www.affinityfcu.com/financial-wellbeing/credit-counseling